Seperate paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Seperate paper - Essay Example time, 14-year old students who eat French Fries three times per week will gain at least two more pounds than students who eat French Fries twice a week. The 14-year old students in this experiment are samples. Objective of the experiment is to achieve the inferences for the entire population based on analysis of data received upon conducting experiments with the samples. The first task is to determine the number of samples required to conduct the experiment. This depends on the task of the experiment. The task of the experiment is to establish a relationship between body weight calories intake from French fries during a fixed period of time. This can be expressed in the mathematical form as; Body weight = Æ’ (Calorie from French fries). Thus, three basic parameters for this experiment are; Body weight, Calories, and Time. If, Y = Body weight, X = Calorie, and t = time; then the function is Y t = Æ’ (X) while â€Å"t† is fixed. 14-year boys are samples of this experiment. Each sample is considered as a member of the population. In this experiment, individual member of the population is considered identical. Since individual members of the population are identical, then characteristics of the population can be derived based on one specimen. We have selected eight specimens from the following ethnic groups; White, Black, Hispanic, Asian. Specimen from each ethnic group was selected using probability sampling out of 50 samples from each ethnic group. In selecting specimens, initial weights and heights of the specimens were not taken into considerations. Nevertheless, for all specimens both parameters were within very close ranges. We divided each 4 samples in two groups: group A, and group B. Each sample group consisted 14-year boys from ethnics background; White, Black, Hispanic, Asian. We identified that there are two types variables that describe the purpose of the experiment, and verify the result. These variables are; controlled variables, and experimental

Impacts of Poor Teaching Methods

Impacts of Poor Teaching Methods According to Buddha, the mind is everything. What you think you become and therefore in accordance to that statement our mind is responsible for the actions we take. In this case, poor teaching methods have highly affected our mind and our thinking making us feel that we are not good at certain subjects, even making us go as far as hating the subject, whereas all that is required is a different approach. This has in turn affected students action thereby making them shy away from such subjects when it comes to subject choices. According to Aristotle, The one exclusive sign of thorough knowledge is the power of teaching. Ardictionary defines teaching as the activity of educating or instructing activities that impact knowledge or skill. Tutors handling of teaching is very flimsy in various parts of the world and hence poor teaching methods have really affected students thereby giving them a lifelong phobia at certain subjects. Poor teaching methods is affected by many factors such as, Lack of use of modern technology during teaching Lack of effective management of classrooms Personality of teachers. This factor splits into many other factors for example Lack of motivation by teachers The absence of effective individual questioning Lack of use of practical methods to aid the understanding of various topics Absence of standardised testing on each topic Lack of use of added learning time for students who lag behind Non-Student friendly teachers (http://serc.carleton.edu/introgeo/justintime/index.html) LACK OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY In accordance to David Thornburg It is a well known fact that technology improves everyday and in every aspect. Poor teaching methods are highly influenced by the use of ancient material and beliefs for teaching, for example the use of chalkboards and the writing down of long notes takes students time and leaves very little or no time for learning and understanding what is actually been taught. White board should be used instead of chalkboards in schools, also projectors and interactive boards should also be taken into consideration in helping the teachers present their notes in digital form and also to play relevant videos and illustrations to students allowing them to have a clearer view of what is being taught. The writing of notes can now be reduced if copies of notes are collected with the use of a storage device from the teacher and put into personal laptops of students. Once the copy of the note is given to each student, there will be room for more time for the explanation of topics being taught because students take a lot of time copying their notes which makes them tired and even discouraged to read back the lengthy note back because they dont have a good understanding of what has been written in the note. The use of the Chinese abacus would also help young students during get a clearer view of what arithmetic is like. The use of the internet should also be brought into consideration as a source of help to teachers and students thereby ensuring them not to be limited to knowing just what has been known for a very long period of time and leaving both the students and teachers outdated. Modifications are made to various subjects and the internet can be a source of information for educators and students therefore the internet would allow everyone to improve and gain more knowledge on various topics. (The new basics: education and the future of work in the Telematic Age by David Thornburg) LACK OF EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF CLASSROOMS Classrooms are very important when it comes to learning, a standard class would be of great help to both the students and their tutors. A teacher has to have rules and regulations given to the students thereby ensuring that there is a standard policy and a certain order in the classroom. The appraisal of pupils work and the provision of sufficient feedback to students will turn out to be more knotty due to the large number of pupils. The overcrowded classrooms also causes shortage of sufficient instructional equipments, high pupil to teacher ratio also reduces possibilities of individual attention to the pupils. Only the students who sit down at the front rows of the classrooms gain from what the teacher is actually trying to pass across to the students. Congested classes are also not conducive for learning because of the stuffy surrounding and make students start sweating which makes them stressed out so easily which is actually very harmful to the health and can actually lead to th e easy transfer of airborne diseases between students. A standard classroom has to be well spaced, well aired, and beautified with different academic illustrations such as the multiplication table of numbers, if a multiplication table is part of the illustrations pasted on the walls of a classroom, it will abet learning due to the frequent sighting of it. Hence, the students would remember it well after several memorisations and will not forget easily.(Patricia Williams, Robert D. Alley, Kenneth T. Henson.1999. Managing secondary classrooms: principles and strategies for effective management and instruction Managing secondary classrooms: principles and strategies for effective management and instruction.) THE USE OF INEXPERIENCED AND UNQUALIFIED TEACHERS The use of inexperienced and unqualified teachers in teaching various subjects causes great harm to the students and greatly affects students subject choices. There are teachers without the appropriate teaching certificates. The academic background of these teachers is feeble, some of the educators teach mathematics and many are untrained, these teachers use poor teaching techniques and they lack assistance in form of constant professional development through seminars, workshops, and refresher courses. These teachers go ahead to teach students at young ages knowing that there are some subjects that require experts in the field for a better understanding of those technical subjects. For example, mathematics, if those teachers without the appropriate knowledge of teaching teach mathematics, there would a high tendency of students having very poor foundation at such a technical subject like mathematics. Such students can end up having a phobia for mathematics and end up dropping the sub ject after the completion of the secondary education. Therefore, the solution to these is by getting teachers with the appropriate teaching certificates to these subjects and these will improve the general performance of students at Ordinary level examinations particularly on subjects like mathematics and English. Non-student friendly teachers also cause great harm to some students by putting fear in the students mind. Lack of motivation by teachers also falls under examples of poor teaching methods. There are certain teachers who dont care about the intellectual feelings of students, they just teach reluctantly and leave the class meanwhile there are certain students who already have a phobia for the subject and what is just needed is motivation which they dont get really from their tutors. Teachers should be of help at motivating students, encouraging and inspiring the students to make them get up and move on. There are also cases whereby students get frustrated at the subjects been taught, instances like that are also resolved by the assistance of these motivational and inspiring teachers. The use of jokes during teaching also aids learning, this makes the students really like the teacher and makes the class lively, and there is this belief that if a student likes a teacher, he will definit ely love his subject. (David Kember and Anthony Wong 2000) According to General Ruben Cubero, the absence of individual questioning is also a factor that affects the overall performance of students. Teachers who do not carry all the students along during lectures tend to be ignorant of students who do not learn easily. Therefore, teachers have to be at the same pace with every student been taught and not leaving any student behind. A suitable solution to these is by the frequent questioning of students when new topics are been taught to know the weakness of students especially the quiet ones and to know the students who have paid total attention throughout the lesson. This also makes the class very lively and encourages the students to do private study at their leisure time. This factor would also help the teacher in knowing some topics he needs to go back and give a different approach when next he is teaching that particular topic. The use of added learning time should also be a necessity to help students who lag behind, or students who nee d extra lessons for effective understanding of topics. If a teacher uses part of his leisure time to gather some weak students together there would be a general improvement in those students performance. These students would therefore put more interest and hence there would be a high tendency of getting better grades in the subject. (General Ruben Cubero, Dean of the Faculty, United States Air Force Academy.) In addition lack of use of practical has also affected students in understanding what has been taught because they are certain subjects that require the use of practical to have a better understanding of the subject. The use of practical and application of the topics to the everyday day life would give students an idea or a clearer picture of what the teacher is explaining (David Kember and Anthony Wong 2000) The absence of study groups also affects the attitude of students towards the understanding of several topics. Students will not be able to interact among themselves and share different opinions but if the teachers put the students into study groups mixing both the weak and smart students together. There will be interaction and discussion between students in a group about their different weak points and the ones who understand a particular topic very well will help those that are still weak in those topics. For instance, when the use of study group was introduced in Chrisland college idimu by Principal T.O Malaka, there was a general improvement of every students performance that particular when all the students made a minimum of a credit in each subject at the 2009 West African Senior Secondary Certificate Examination (WASSCE). (www.chrislandschools.org) All the points that are been listed earlier are the main causes of mathematics phobia and lead to the negative attitude of students towards mathematics. A look at the 2009 West African Senior Secondary Certificate Examination (WASSCE) result of candidates in Nigeria proved that they are more students that fail mathematics than those that actually pass them. The result clearly stated that only 25.99% of all the candidates obtained a minimum of credits in both mathematics and English. (http://thenationonlineng.net) THE NEGATIVE ATTITUDE OF STUDENTS TOWARDS MATHEMATICS According to H.J.S Smith, a popular mathematician he stated that poor teaching leads to the inevitable idea that mathematics is only adapted to peculiar mind, when it is the one universal science, and the one whose ground rules are taught almost in infancy and reappear in the motions of the universe. Mathematics has a tarnished and flawed reputation among students. It is believed that mathematics is murky, obscure, vague and very difficult to understand and only known by specific people which is very wrong, once there is a change of attitude of student and all those poor teaching methods are corrected, there would be an overall improvement in mathematics result. The teachers have scrawny academic backgrounds on the mathematics content to deliver. Their own manner to mathematics also contributes to their inability to egg on the pupils to study mathematics. The teaching techniques that are used remain principally the traditional talk and chalk mode of delivery. These educators are unde r pressure to facilitate their students pass examinations, and therefore, they are forced to water down the implemented curriculum. This has in turn let to the poor performance of students. If an analyst asks a mathematics professor if he possesses a special brain, he just laughs and it will turn out that he had come across a motivator that was responsible in helping him discover the true beauty of mathematics. Therefore, in conclusion to these saying once a student has a good foundation at a subject he will definitely have a passion for the subject and give his best shot to the subject. According to Plutarch a Greek biographer and essayist, he stated, the mind is not a vessel to be filled. It is a fire to be rekindled the jaundiced attitude of students towards mathematics is highly exacerbated by the method in which it was been taught. These teaching strategies have also relied on the behaviourist model of learning, a paradigm that stresses learning by repetition and memorisation. Teachers should therefore replace the behaviourist paradigms with strategies based on other progressive and improved methods of learning which would be of very great help to student at their ages and which will remove any fear, change the attitude, and bring confidence to students in doing the subject after the completion of secondary education.

Racism: A Historical and Social Construct in America Essay -- racism,

Racism, will it ever end? The answer is probably not. The United States of America was set up on the basis of race. Even many years ago European settlers looked down upon the Native Americans as inferior. Years later in today’s modern society, racism still exists, although we may not fully realize it. Many people are not aware of how much racism still exists in our schools workforces, and anywhere else where social lives are occurring. Using our sociological imagination, we are capable of applying the role of race to any situation. However, in some situations, race does not play a covert role; it plays a crucial and obvious role. In â€Å"Film Shows Students Battle Racism for Mixed Prom†, Michelle Nichols stated, â€Å"As Barack Obama campaigned to become the first black U.S. President, teenagers in the small Mississippi hometown of Hollywood star Morgan Freeman battled racism to hold their high school’s first integrated prom.† The assumption that racism n o longer exists is false. Racism still exists to the highest degree. Even in the 21st century, prom -- an annual dance for graduating students, is divided and integrated for black and white students at Charleston high school. It’s always about race. Why is racism still rampant in American society? The reason is that even though race is not founded through science, this institution of American society is simply an obsolete combination of historical, social, and cultural construction. It is highly believed by individuals that discrimination in the U.S. has dramatically changed since the 1900s. Blacks were once discriminated against via Jim Crow laws. Today, black Americans have gained the right to eat at public lunch counters, vote, ride public buses, and attend public schools. While the... ...ut hope will happen sometime in our lifetime. Nakashima, Cynthia L. â€Å"Servants of Culture: The Symbolic Role of Mixed-Race in American Discourse,† Pp.35-57 in The Sum of Our Parts: Mixed Heritage. Ed. Teresa Williams-Leà ³n and Cynthia L. Nakashima. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2001. "Racial Clash In Texas" CBS Online. July 22. 2009 Web. 4 June 2015. http://aishamusic.com/Judiciary_Report/racial_clash_in_texas.htm Jane Elliott "Blue Eyes Brown Eyes" Web. 4 June 2015. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQAmdZvKf6M Pounder, C. et.al. "Race: the Power of An Illusion" Corporation for Public Broadcasting,. (2003). San Francisco, Calif. Web. 4 June 2015. http://www.pbs.org/race/000_General/000_00-Home.htm Shelby Steele â€Å"Jefferson’s Blood†, Transcript Web. 4 June 2015. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/jefferson/etc/script.html

Nestle Philippines Essay

I. INTRODUCTION Nestlà © Philippines, Inc. (NPI) is a leading manufacturer of food and beverage in the Philippines. It was established in the country in the early 1930s, initially as a trading company. By the year 1962, it formed a joint venture with San Miguel Corporation (SMC), a company specializing in brewing with extensive interests in agribusiness and food products. In 1996, San Miguel’s Magnolia Foods Division had been merged with Nestlà ©. It produced and sold products like Magnolia ice creams and tetra pack juices, Bear Brand and Carnation condensed milk, Bertolli pastas and tomato sauce, Maggi seasonings, pasta and mayonnaise, and Smarties candies. Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Instant Drink Division produced and sold Nescafà ©, Nestea, Milo, Coffee Mate and Milkmaid powdered milk. Nestlà © Philippines is ranked number 10 among Nestlà © subsidiaries worldwide and number 3 in Asia-Pacific, behind Japan and Australia. Nestlà © is the only foreign-owned coffee producer in the Philippines. Nescafà © –already a household name in the Philippines needs to respond to major changes in the environment. Competing brands like Great Taste and Nescafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s nearest competitor, Blend 45 already reduced or are planning to reduce their prices. There are also major changes in Government Regulation, Imports and Market Entry resulting to the potential entry of foreign brands like Kraft General Foods’s Maxwell House and Procter & Gamble’s Folgers Coffee. The company needs to decide whether it should import Arabica beans for blending Master Roaster coffee, change the composition of Nescafà © by importing Arabica beans to the same composition as those sold abroad, and whether it should continue producing Taster’s Choice which are made from Philippine-grown Robusta and Imported Arabica. II. STATEMENT OF FACTS Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Instant Drink Division contributes 75% of the company’s total sales; Nescafà © contributes 53% of the department sales. In 1996, Nescafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s market share increased from 52% to 66%. Nestlà © have 40 independently-owned warehouses located throughout the Philippines. These warehouses, along with 200 salespersons cater 20,000 dealers who had accounts with Nestlà ©, with direct access for orders and credit lines. The company’s production facilities however are already strained to the limit. The company spent 5%  of sales on advertising and promotion of Nescafà © which includes decorative streamers and raffle draws. The company also offered volume â€Å"bonus discounts†. According to market research, the bonus promotions are Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s most effective promotional offering. However, Nestlà © doesn’t buy shelf space, which is a common practice in the Philippines and other Asian countries. Instead it prefers rental of special display space for promotion, which is considered as the most expensive real estate in the Philippines. There is a significant increase in the number of households that purchased coffee within two weeks, from 67% in 1974, to 96% in 1995. This is due to the relatively high usage of 1.7 gram foil packs in the Philippines. These 1.7 gram individual packs contribute 8% of Nescafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s sales. Coffee is typically drunk with sugar and without milk or non-dairy whiteners. However, there is a 350% increase in the use of such whiteners over the past decade. The Carnation brand which produces whiteners, condensed milk and powdered milk is owned by Nestlà ©. One of the reasons behind the rapid increase in volume and market share is the fall of green coffee bean prices both in the world market and Philippines. The price of green coffee beans, where Nestlà © sourced all its coffee fell by 50%; these beans comprised about 30% of the delivery costs. Nestlà © and other producers are able to lower their prices because of the savings. Another reason is the introduction of cheaper packaging. Bottles make up 30% of the total cost. Hence, coffee sold on bottles are more expensive at PHP 26.25 for a 50-gram pack while those in foil packaging are sold only at PHP 20.45. Research by Nestlà © shows that its market share is highest in small stores located in large cities. Conversely, among small stores, its market share is highest outside big cities. People outside big cities prefer to shop in sari-sari stores. The prices of commodities sold in sari-sari stores are 15% higher than in supermarkets outside big cities and 20% higher than those in big cities. Over the past decade, other producers, who sold their coffee 10% below the price of Nescafà ©, entered the market. Nescafà © gradually lost market share from 75% in 1965, to 60% in 1975, and finally, 55% in 1985. However, there was a decline in coffee prices in the 1980s, giving Nestlà © a window to reduce its prices to within 5% of its competitors and still preserve its margins. Other major producers of coffee in the Philippines include: Blend 45 which has 15% market share in 1996, Great Taste with 10% market share, Kafe de Oro with 6%  market share and Cafà © Filipino which has 3% market share. The Gokongwei Group’s Blend 45 employs a cheaper blend of coffee and carbohydrates. In 1996, they dropped the price of Blend 45. They are sold 28% below Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s price and 20% below most of the other brands sold in the market. So far the price increase made no significant effect yet on the market share of Nescafà ©. Prior to 1996, the import of coffee beans, either unprocessed or processed is prohibited. All of the coffee sold within the Philippines had to be produced within the country. The quality of Robusta beans grown in the country was of international quality. On the other hand, the quality of Arabica beans was of inferior quality. Consequently, Nestlà © used 100% Robusta unlike those processed in the U.S. or Europe which are blends. Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Master Roaster coffee is made from locally grown Robusta and Arabica beans. Taster’s Choice, on the other hand is made from locally grown Robusta and imported Arabica. In 1996, the Philippine Government committed under GATT and WTO to remove import prohibitions on agricultural products. Hence, a Minimum Access Volume (MAV) was set. Impor ts of green and roasted beans and packaged products are charged a tariff of 30% while those outside the MAV are charged 100%. The government, however committed to increase the MAV and reduce the tariff in imports both within the MAV and outside it. Nestlà © is facing the threat of importers, both from the U.S. and regional coffee producers. One of which is Indonesia’s Indocafà © which already begun production in Malaysia and exporting to Vietnam and is rumored to invest in China and export to the Philippines. Indocafà © is sold 10% below the price of Nescafà © in both markets. It has backward integration with its own coffee plantations so it was buffered from price swings. Another possible importer is Singapore’s Supermix who pioneered in individual â€Å"3-in-1† packs within Singapore and in other nearby countries. In the 1990s, the Philippine Government liberalized regulations on Foreign Direct Investments. Prior to that, investments with sales direct to domestic market had to be 40% Filipino-owned. In 1992, the government allowed 100% foreign ownership in most industries. As a result, Kraft General Foods which had substantial production operations in the Philippines is rumored to produce Maxwell House within the country. Procter & Gamble which also had substantial production in the Philippines also announced that it would produce Folgers Coffee in the country. IV. ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION One of the possible alternative courses of action is to increase the production capacity of Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s facilities. Upgrading the capacity would enable Nestlà © to experiment on product development without the possible reduction of Nescafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s already established market share. However, the upgrade would require $3 million worth of investments. Another possible option is to focus substantial amount of investment for the marketing and sales of Master Roaster coffee which is currently made up of locally produced Robusta and Arabica. Nestlà © could either import Arabica beans to improve the taste of Master Roaster, which is now possible due to the major changes in import regulation. The brand would cater Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s high-end consumers. However, it would reduce the company’s current production capacity of the current blends. Lastly, Nestlà © could modify the Nescafà © and use imported Arabica and locally produced Robusta to copy the foreign blend. This would make Nescafà © a high-end product which could match imported brands. Again, this is possible because of the favorable changes in import regulation. However, this modification might result in Nescafà © losing significant amount of market share and household penetration. V. CONCLUSION To react to the major changes in the environment, Nestlà © should lower the price of Nescafà © closer to its competitors. According to research, there is a direct relationship between coffee prices and household penetration.  Hence, the price reduction would make the product even more accessible to the masses. In return, the company would gain even higher market share. In response to the threats of the entry of imported brands in the country, Nestlà © should continue producing Taster’s Choice and discontinue the unsuccessful Master Roaster. Taster’s Choice would both accommodate a separate market segment and the increasing â€Å"import mentality† of Filipinos. Importation of either Arabica beans or finished product is possible because of the changes in import regulation. Lastly, Nestlà © should consider buying shelf spaces. Besides the fact that it is a proven and common practice not only in the Philippines but also in other Asian countries, it is more econ omical than renting special display spaces. Nonetheless, Nestlà © should only lessen, not stop renting special display spaces. VI. CHANGE MANAGEMENT In order to sustain the changes made, Nestlà © should explore the use even cheaper packaging materials. The savings, in turn would enable the company to reduce the prices of Nescafà ©. The company should also actively promote its 1.7 gram individual packs and â€Å"3-in-1† packs. This would result to the brand gaining more market penetration, translating to a better market position. It should also aggressively promote both Nescafà © and Taster’s Choice which satisfies different market segments. VII. RECOMMENDATION Nestlà © should engage in more product development activities, like for example new flavors of coffee. Considering it is a multinational company, it will have the advantage of increased awareness in the current trends abroad. A development in the existing product lines would not only generate more market shares but also create new market segments. Filipinos would accept the idea of these improvements because of their import mentality. However, there should be enough market research regarding such improvements to make sure they are feasible in the Philippine setting. Also, Nestlà © should capitalize on its strength of having close relationships with its farmers. It should procure its raw materials in a manner that would benefit farmers. There should be more capacity building trainings among its coffee suppliers in order to promote increased productivity.

Greece working Conditions Essay

Introduction Business ethics examine the ethical, moral and principle problems that occur in a business environment, and its application applies to all aspects of a business, which include strategy implementation, policy formulation, organizational culture and legal proceedings, just to mention a few. Business decisions are best explained by the use of ethical frameworks, which include; the utilitarian rule, social justice, deontology and ethics of virtues. The task in the presentation is to research working conditions in Greece and then figure out which ethical framework is being used by the leaders of that country in that issue. A careful analysis of the matter indicates that the leaders employ the utilitarian framework, which states that given two or more choices to choose from, a person must choose the one that yields maximum benefits to the largest number of people (Windelband et.al, 1958). In other words, if a given choice is going to benefit a small number of people, it is of great importance. John Stuart Mill modified the law of utilitarianism and came up with a new utilitarian rule which stated that, one determines what is right by contrasting the outcome of all related agents of alternative policy for a particular condition (Quinton, 1973). Issue: Greece Working Conditions To understand the working conditions, data from the Institute of Employment is used. The data was provided by the Social Insurance Foundation and Labor Inspectors in Greece. This institute carried out a research in the year 2003. The objective of the research was to investigate the health and safety legislations in Greece. Questionnaires handed out to 324 people of various specialties. 35.8 percent specified that there were no health and safety provisions in the firm and 48.7% stated that, to their knowledge, there was no physician assigned to the firm. A small percentage acknowledges the being of a health and safety committee in their firm was only 32.4%. In the construction sector, 53.5% had a health and safety provision document while 58.9% in the manufacturing sector had the same. 66.1% of the respondents in the public sector said they lacked such a document (Aizenman, 2012). According to (Bentham 1948),  Ã‚   it is right to exercise what is good for the largest population of people. The study reveals that the greatest number of people in the work environment had the health and safety document.   Companies in Greece seem to value policies that yield the greatest benefit to the greatest number of people. However, James Rachel, critic of the utilitarian rule, would have argued otherwise. In his criticisms, he points out that, everyone is equal and that everybody’s happiness is important (Rachel, 1986). The group of people who lack the document in this case can claim that businesses in Greece did violate the business ethics. This indeed violates utilitarian moral framework. ‘’One issue in particular is already in danger of being subject to all kinds of populist rhetoric rather than objective assessment: free movement of people in general and of workers in particular, in the European Union’’, says President Boroso while addressing the European crisis, which pioneered numerous reforms in Greece labor laws. The reforms led to limited protection of workers in the labor market. This aspect violated business ethics and essential social rights. Law number 3863/2010 introduced fundamental changes in the labor market. The major areas changed included: The period given as a notice to the termination of white-collar workers significantly shortened. The golden handshake for white-collar workers reduced by a half due to the reforms made. Operational costs must be kept between 5% and 10%. The minimum wage rates for workers under the age of 25 years reduced to 84% of the set minimum wage. For underage workers, the minimum wage rate set at 70% of the set minimum wage (Lynn, 2011). According to (Bentham, 1948) these changes cannot yield maximum benefits to the society because they only cater for a few individuals. In fact, are in contrast with the labor minister, Algimanta Pabedinskiene, utterances, and I quote, ‘‘Tackling NEET problems will require a variety of measures facilitating the transition of these young people into the world of employment, or their return to the education system. In applying these measures, a special focus should be placed on vulnerable groups’’. The law set by the government aimed at protecting the community from mass unemployment by making the labor laws weak, but by doing so, individual interests were not considered.   According to (Allison, 1990) a rational individual wants to make more   money from their employment, and the same   individual does not want to work in conditions, which make him/her feel underpaid. This is to say that the government is doing more harm than good by introducing weak labor laws. However, the government encourages underage working, which is a way of depriving minors their rights. This is not in line with the utilitarianism because it violates the ethics (Thilly, 1957). Apart from the labor market reforms, the government instituted in 2010, service cuts in pension and other important reforms in the social security regulations (Pryce 2012). The key points to note are as follows: Zero increase in the current pension over the next 3 years For the uninsured persons over the age of 65, their basic pension criteria underwent reforms. The amount of the pension is set at â‚ ¬360. The national budget will finance the pension from the year 2018. With respect to minimum wages, the reduction of salaries in now fully permitted for all workers who are receiving the minimum wage rate in the country. This is now possible after an agreement in the National General Collective Agreement (NGCA). Signing of the agreement on 15 July 2010 was by the social partners. This agreement validation was to be effected after three years (Feldstein, 2011). Salary cut for employees between 25 years was set between 22% and 32%. The employer can impose this cut without the consent of the employee. These reforms further show how the government violates utilitarian principle. A salary cut without the consent of employees is unethical, and violates utilitarian rule. According to (Goodin, 1995), utilitarianism as a public philosophy has been broken. Goodin explains utilitarianism as a principle which should guide political leaders while making decisions that affect the society at large. He points out that leaders must take into account the impacts of the policies they pass on the entire society, other than focusing on a small group of people. In addition, (Copleston, 1975) states that people’s decisions and rights must be respected whenever the government passes policies that has direct impacts on citizen’s welfare. He further states that failure to exercise this, the government will be infringing citizen’s rights, which is unethical. Conclusion The government and companies in Greece tend to pass laws and policies in line with the utilitarian framework, but there are many instances where the leaders go contrary to the principles of the framework. Using quotes and criticisms of the law and data collected, it is evident that there exists infringement of the utilitarian rule. The Government of Greece ought to use this analysis to rewrite its policies. It is ironical that the government wants zero unemployment while it continues to pass laws and regulations that do not yield greatest benefit to the greatest number of people. The happiness of citizens and their rights must be respected if the government aims at reducing unemployment. References Aizenman, J. (2012). Developing countries’ financial vulnerability to the euro crisis an event study of equity and bond markets. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research. Allison, L. (1990). The Utilitarian response: the contemporary viability of utilitarian political philosophy. London: Sage Publications. Copleston, F. C. (1975). A history of philosophy. Westminster, Md.: Newman Bookshop. Feldstein, M. S. (2011). The euro and European economic conditions. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research. George, S. K. (2005). The moral philosophy of John Steinbeck. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press.Copy & PasteParenthetical Goodin, R. E. (1995). Utilitarianism as a public philosophy. Cambridge University Press. Havard, W. C. (1959). Henry Sidgwick & later utilitarian political philosophy. Gainesville: University of Florida Press.Copy & Paste Lynn, M. (2011). Bust: Greece, the Euro, and the sovereign debt crisis. Hoboken, N.J.: Bloomberg Press.Copy & PasteParentheticalNardo, D. (2006). Ancient Greece. Detroit: Lucent Books. Pryce, V. (2012). Greekonomics: the Euro crisis and why politicians don’t get it. London: Biteback.Copy & Pastearenthetical Quinton, A. (1973). Utilitarian ethics. New York: St. Martin’s Press. Thilly, F. (1957). A history of philosophy (3d ed.). New York: Holt. Windelband, W., & Tufts, J. H. (1958). A history of philosophy. New York: Harper & Brothers.